{"id":1110,"date":"2010-01-10T22:46:25","date_gmt":"2010-01-10T20:46:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=1110"},"modified":"2021-11-27T21:54:39","modified_gmt":"2021-11-27T18:54:39","slug":"enerji-kaynaklari-ve-cesitleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/enerji-kaynaklari-ve-cesitleri.html","title":{"rendered":"Enerji kaynaklar\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitleri"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00dclkelerin ilerleyip, geli\u015fmi\u015flik seviyelerini artt\u0131rabilmeleri i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli enerji kaynaklar\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc hammaddelerin i\u015flenebilmesi, fabrikalar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi, ula\u015f\u0131m, ayd\u0131nlatma ve \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilmesi, enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n\u00dclkelerin geli\u015fme d\u00fczeyleri belirlenmesinde \u00fcretilen ve t\u00fcketilen enerji miktarlar\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde \u00fcretilen ve t\u00fcketilen enerji miktar\u0131 geri kalm\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelere g\u00f6re daha fazlad\u0131r.<br \/>\n<strong>ENERJ\u0130 KAYNAKLARININ \u00c7E\u015e\u0130TLER\u0130 <\/strong><br \/>\nEnerji kaynaklar\u0131 olu\u015fumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re iki gruba ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\n<strong>a) Yenilenmeyen enerji kaynaklar\u0131 :<\/strong> Yeralt\u0131ndaki maden rezervi ne karsa kullan\u0131lacak olan miktar o kadard\u0131r . Yeralt\u0131ndaki enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 bitti\u011finde o yer kapat\u0131l\u0131r yeni bir kaynak aranmaya ba\u015flan\u0131r. \u00d6rnek ; K\u00f6m\u00fcr, petrol , do\u011falgaz.<br \/>\n<strong>b) Yenilenen enerji kaynaklar:<\/strong> Do\u011fada s\u00fcrekli var olan enerji kaynaklar\u0131d\u0131r. Jeotermal enerji ,hidroelektrik enerji , g\u00fcne\u015f ve r\u00fczgar enerjisi .<br \/>\n<strong>Ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc: <\/strong>Ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc bitkilerin jeolojik d\u00f6nemler boyunca d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme u\u011framas\u0131 sonucu olu\u015fmu\u015f , y\u00fcksek \u0131s\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fc olan bir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Kalori de\u011feri y\u00fcksektir. Bu enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 elektrik santrallerinde ,sanayide ve kok k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. 1.jeolojik zamanda olu\u015fan ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc Karadeniz Ere\u011flisi\u2019nden ba\u015flar ve do\u011fuya do\u011fru Zonguldak , Amasra, S\u00f6\u011f\u00fct\u00f6z\u00fc\u2019ne kadar devam eder. Yap\u0131lan \u00fcretim ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc sat\u0131n al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. Demir \u2013 \u00e7elik ve Kimya sanayisinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\n<strong>Linyit: <\/strong>Linyit k\u00f6m\u00fcrle\u015fme s\u00fcrecinin ilk \u00fcr\u00fcnlerindendir. II. jeolojik zamanda olu\u015fan linyit olu\u015fum ya\u015f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcnden daha gen\u00e7tir. Bu nedenle kalorisi ta\u015fk\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcnden daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Linyit yataklar\u0131 y\u00fczeye daha yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kolayca i\u015flenebilmektedir.T\u00fcrkiye III. jeolojik zamanda olu\u015fan bir \u00fclke oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in hemen her b\u00f6lgede linyit yataklar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\nG\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgelerimizin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. En kaliteli linyitler Ege B\u00f6lgesinde, en fazla rezerv ise Af\u015fin \u2013 Elbistan\u2019da yer al\u0131r.<br \/>\nGenellikle \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlardaki sanayi tesislerinde ve evlerde t\u00fcketilir. \u00d6nemli linyit yataklar\u0131 , Beypazar\u0131 (Ankara) , \u00c7an (\u00c7anakkale), Orta (\u00c7ank\u0131r\u0131) , Seyit\u00f6mer , Tun\u00e7bilek (K\u00fctahya) , Soma (Manisa) , Elbistan (Kahramanmara\u015f), Yata\u011fan (Mu\u011fla) A\u015fkale (Erzurum) , \u015e\u0131rnak, Kangal (Sivas)<br \/>\nLinyit yataklar\u0131 Af\u015fin, Elbistan (K. Mara\u015f), Tav\u015fanl\u0131, Seyit\u00f6mer (K\u00fctahya), Soma (Manisa), Yata\u011fan (Mu\u011fla), Saray (Tekirda\u011f), A\u015fkale (Erzurum), Ayd\u0131n, Amasya ve Yozgat \u00e7evresinde bulunmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\nLinyitten elektrik enerjisi elde eden termik santrallerimiz, Soma, Tun\u00e7bilek, Seyit\u00f6mer, Af\u015fin &#8211; Elbistan, Yata\u011fan ve Orhaneli termik santralleridir.<br \/>\nPetrol: \u00c7a\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6nemli enerji kaynaklar\u0131ndan biridir.Ham olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan petrol rafinerilerde i\u015flendikten sonra benzin,motorin ve gazya\u011f\u0131 haline gelmektedir.T\u00fcrkiye petrol a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin bir \u00fclke de\u011fildir. Belli ba\u015fl\u0131 petrol yataklar\u0131 G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesindedir. Yataklar\u0131n en yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu yerler Batman , Siirt ve Diyarbak\u0131r\u2019d\u0131r. \u00dclkemizdeki petrol yataklar\u0131 derinlerde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015fletilmesi zordur. \u00dclkemizdeki petrol \u00fcretimi t\u00fcketiminin 1\/7\u2019sini kar\u015f\u0131layabilmektedir.<br \/>\n<strong>Petrol i\u015fleme tesislerimiz :<\/strong>&#8211; \u0130zmir\u2019de Alia\u011fa Rafinerisi<br \/>\n&#8211; \u0130zmit\u2019te \u0130pra\u015f Rafinerisi<br \/>\n&#8211; Mersin\u2019de Ata\u015f Rafinerisi<br \/>\n&#8211; Batman\u2019da Batman Rafinerisi<br \/>\n&#8211; K\u0131r\u0131kkale\u2019de Orta Anadolu Rafinerisi<\/p>\n<p>Petrol yataklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n % 98&#8217;i G. Do\u011fu Anadolu B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde bulunur. Petrol, Raman, Garzan, Kurtalan, Ad\u0131yaman ve Mardin \u00e7evresinde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\n\u00dclkemizde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan ve ithal edilen petrol, Orta Anadolu (K\u0131r\u0131kkale), Alia\u011fa (\u0130zmir), Ata\u015f (Mersin), \u0130pra\u015f (\u0130zmit) ve Batman rafinerilerinde i\u015flenmektedir.<br \/>\nD0\u011fal gaz: \u00dclkemiz, do\u011fal gaz yataklar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin de\u011fildir. \u015eu anda sadece Trakya\u2019da Hamitabat ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da Mardin &#8211; \u00c7amurlu sahas\u0131nda \u00fcretim (bilgi yelpazesi) yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Hamitabat\u2019tan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan do\u011fal gazdan ayn\u0131 yerde elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretilir. Do\u011falgaz ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131, Rusya Federasyonu ve Cezayir\u2019den ithal edilmektedir.<br \/>\nSu G\u00fcc\u00fc (Hidroelektrik enerjisi): Barajlardaki suyun, elektrik \u00fcreten santralleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ile olu\u015fan enerjiye hidroelektrik enerjisi denir.<br \/>\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de elektrik ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n % 40 l\u0131k k\u0131sm\u0131 hidroelektrik santrallerden elde edilmektedir. Keban, Karakaya, Atat\u00fcrk, Hirfanl\u0131, Seyhan, Kemer ve Demirk\u00f6pr\u00fc gibi bir\u00e7ok baraj elektrik ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\nD\u0131\u015far\u0131ya ak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 olan baz\u0131 g\u00f6llerimiz, tabii baraj \u00f6zelli\u011findedir. Bunlardan elektrik \u00fcretilir. Ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131, Hazar, \u00c7\u0131ld\u0131r, Tortum ve Kovada g\u00f6lleridir.<br \/>\nR\u00fczg\u00e2r G\u00fcc\u00fc: \u00dclkemizde eskiden yel de\u011firmenlerinde ve yelkenli gemilerde kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Fakat elektrik ve petrol enerjisinin devreye girmesiyle kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 \u00e7ok azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br \/>\nJeotermal Enerji: Jeotermal enerji, yer alt\u0131ndaki s\u0131cak sulardan ya da su buhar\u0131ndan elde edilir. T\u00fcrkiye yak\u0131n bir jeolojik devirde olu\u015ftu\u011fundan ve gen\u00e7 k\u0131vr\u0131m da\u011flar\u0131 ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131nda bulundu\u011fundan dolay\u0131, fay hatlar\u0131 ve fay kaynaklar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131nd\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Ege B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ndeki Germencik (Ayd\u0131n), Bal\u00e7ova (\u0130zmir), Sand\u0131kl\u0131 (Afyon) ve Sarayk\u00f6y (Denizli) civar\u0131nda s\u0131cak su kaynaklar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u015eu anda sadece Sarayk\u00f6y (Denizli) de elektrik enerjisi \u00fcreten jeotermal santral bulunmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\nRadyoaktif Mineraller: Radyoaktif mineraller, n\u00fckleer enerji \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Uranyum ve toryum gibi radyoaktif maddelerin par\u00e7alanmas\u0131yla enerji elde edilir.<br \/>\n\u00dclkemizde Ayd\u0131n, U\u015fak, Manisa, \u00c7anakkale ve Yozgat y\u00f6relerinde uranyum, Eski\u015fehir \u00e7evresinde toryum yataklar\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Fakat, \u015fu anda, \u00fclkemizde radyoaktif maddelerden n\u00fckleer enerji \u00fcretimi yap\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\nG\u00fcne\u015f Enerjisi: T\u00fcrkiye ve \u00f6zellikle g\u00fcney b\u00f6lgelerimiz, G\u00fcne\u015f enerjisinden iyi yararlanabilecek bir konuma sahiptir. Bu enerjiden, en \u00e7ok su \u0131s\u0131tmada faydalan\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, sera \u0131s\u0131tmas\u0131nda, su pompas\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda, baz\u0131 elektronik aletlerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda, vs. G\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00dclkelerin ilerleyip, geli\u015fmi\u015flik seviyelerini artt\u0131rabilmeleri i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli enerji kaynaklar\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc hammaddelerin i\u015flenebilmesi, fabrikalar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi, ula\u015f\u0131m, ayd\u0131nlatma ve \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilmesi, enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dclkelerin geli\u015fme d\u00fczeyleri belirlenmesinde \u00fcretilen ve t\u00fcketilen enerji miktarlar\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r. Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde \u00fcretilen ve t\u00fcketilen enerji miktar\u0131 geri kalm\u0131\u015f \u00fclkelere g\u00f6re daha fazlad\u0131r. ENERJ\u0130 KAYNAKLARININ \u00c7E\u015e\u0130TLER\u0130 Enerji kaynaklar\u0131 &#8230; <a title=\"Enerji kaynaklar\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitleri\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/enerji-kaynaklari-ve-cesitleri.html\" aria-label=\"More on Enerji kaynaklar\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitleri\">Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[266,286,285,287],"class_list":["post-1110","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cografya","tag-add-new-tag","tag-diyarbakir","tag-enerji-cesitleri-ve-kaynaklari","tag-eskisehir"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1110","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1110"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1110\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1110"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}