{"id":1061,"date":"2010-01-05T18:57:54","date_gmt":"2010-01-05T16:57:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=1061"},"modified":"2010-01-05T18:57:54","modified_gmt":"2010-01-05T16:57:54","slug":"akarsularin-asindirma-ve-biriktirme-sonucunda-olusturduklari-sekiller","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/akarsularin-asindirma-ve-biriktirme-sonucunda-olusturduklari-sekiller.html","title":{"rendered":"Akarsular\u0131n a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rma ve biriktirme sonucunda olu\u015fturduklar\u0131 \u015fekiller"},"content":{"rendered":"

1. Vadiler<\/strong>
\na. Bo\u011faz Vadi (Yarma Vadi): Y\u00fcksek da\u011f s\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131 enine yar\u0131p ge\u00e7en akarsular bu t\u00fcr vadiler olu\u015ftururlar. Vadilerin yama\u00e7lar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a diktir ve vadi dard\u0131r.
\nT\u00fcrkiye’de, K\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rmak, Ye\u015fil\u0131rmak, F\u0131rat, Sakarya, Seyhan ve G\u00f6ksu nehirleri ile Zap suyu b\u00f6yle vadilerden akarlar.
\nb. Kanyon Vadi: Yama\u00e7lardaki farkl\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nma sonucu, basamakl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde olu\u015fan vadi tipidir. Yama\u00e7lar olduk\u00e7a dik ve derindir. Genellikle kolay a\u015f\u0131nabilen kal\u0131n kalker tabakalar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde olu\u015furlar.
\nKanyon vadiler, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de pek yayg\u0131n de\u011fildir. Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesi\u2019ndeki G\u00f6ksu vadisinde kanyonlar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.
\nc. \u00c7entik (Kertik) Vadi: Akarsu yata\u011f\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rma derine do\u011fru s\u00fcr\u00fcyorsa \u201cV\u201d \u015fekilli vadiler olu\u015fur. Bu t\u00fcr vadilere \u00e7entik vadi ad\u0131 verilir.
\n\u00c7entik vadiler \u00fclkemizde en yayg\u0131n olan vadi tipleridir. Da\u011fl\u0131k alanlarda bu t\u00fcr vadilere s\u0131k\u00e7a rastlan\u0131r.
\nd. Yat\u0131k yama\u00e7l\u0131 vadi: Farkl\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nma sonucunda farkl\u0131 y\u00fckseklikteki yama\u00e7lara sahip olan vadi tipidir. Akarsu yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131n e\u011fiminin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.
\ne. Tabanl\u0131 vadi: Akarsu a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n ileri safhalar\u0131nda olu\u015fan vadi \u015feklidir. Vadi taban\u0131 ova \u00f6zelli\u011fi kazan\u0131r. Vadi yama\u00e7lar\u0131 iyice yat\u0131kla\u015f\u0131r ve belirginli\u011fini kaybeder.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u00f6zellikle Bat\u0131 Anadolu\u2019da bu t\u00fcr vadiler yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.
\n2. Menderesler<\/strong>
\nAkarsular, e\u011fimlerinin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde k\u0131vr\u0131larak akarlar. Hem a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rma, hem de biriktirme sonucunda, bu k\u0131vr\u0131mlar daha da geni\u015fleyerek menderesleri olu\u015ftururlar.Hem a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rma hem biriktirme \u015feklidir.
\nMendereslerde yana a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rma fazla oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in s\u0131k s\u0131k yatak de\u011fi\u015ftirirler. \u00dclkemizde, ovalar\u0131n tabanlar\u0131nda ve olgun vadilerdeki akarsular menderesler \u00e7izerek akarlar.
\nMenderesler olu\u015fturan bir akarsuyun;
\nYatak e\u011fimi azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nAkarsu h\u0131z\u0131 azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nUzunlu\u011fu artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nA\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rma g\u00fcc\u00fc azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\nBiriktirme faaliyetleri yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.
\n3. K\u0131rg\u0131bay\u0131r (Badlands)<\/strong>\u015eiddetli ya\u011fmurlar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu selinti sular\u0131, bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kolay a\u015f\u0131nabilen arazileri a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r.
\nBunun sonucunda, arazi y\u00fczeyi girintili \u00e7\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc al\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr arazilere k\u0131rg\u0131bay\u0131r ad\u0131 verilir.
\nK\u0131rg\u0131bay\u0131r, \u00f6zellikle sa\u011fanak ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, yar\u0131 kurak b\u00f6lgelerde daha s\u0131k meydana gelir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu b\u00f6lgelerinde yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.
\n4. \u00c7a\u011flayan ve \u00c7avlanlar (\u015eelaleler)<\/strong>
\nAkarsu yataklar\u0131nda, bazen baz\u0131 tabakalar a\u015f\u0131nmaya kar\u015f\u0131 farkl\u0131 diren\u00e7 g\u00f6sterirler. Bunun sonucunda da basamaklar olu\u015fur. \u0130\u015fte, akarsular\u0131n bu basamaklardan akan k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na \u00e7a\u011flayan ad\u0131 verilmektedir. E\u011fer basamaklar y\u00fcksek\u00e7e ve d\u00fc\u015fen su miktar\u0131 fazla ise, b\u00f6yle k\u0131s\u0131mlar da \u00e7avlan veya \u015felale olarak isimlendirilir.
\n\u00dclkemizdeki en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015flar\u0131, Manavgat \u00c7a\u011flayan\u0131 ile D\u00fcden, Muradiye ve G\u00fcrlevik \u015felaleleridir.
\n\u00c7a\u011flayan ve \u00e7avlanlarda sular\u0131n y\u00fcksekten d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc k\u0131s\u0131m a\u015f\u0131n\u0131rsa, derin oyuklar olu\u015fur. Bu oyuklara dev kazan\u0131 ad\u0131 verilir
\n5. Peribacalar\u0131<\/strong>Volkanik arazilerde, selinti sular\u0131n\u0131n, a\u015f\u0131nmaya kar\u015f\u0131 farkl\u0131 diren\u00e7teki tabakalar\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131 sonucunda olu\u015fan \u015fekillerdir.Olu\u015fumunda volkanik t\u00fcfl\u00fc arazi,sel ve ya\u011fmur sular\u0131,bitki \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn az olmas\u0131 ve r\u00fczgar etkilid\u0130R.
\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Nev\u015fehir, \u00dcrg\u00fcp, G\u00f6reme, Avanos \u00e7evresinde yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.
\n6. Peneplen (Yontukd\u00fcz)<\/strong>
\nAkarsular\u0131n ve akarsularla birlikte di\u011fer d\u0131\u015f kuvvetlerin, yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131 sonucunda deniz seviyesinde hafif dalgal\u0131 d\u00fczl\u00fckler olu\u015fur. Bunlara peneplen (yontukd\u00fcz) ad\u0131 verilir.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemiz yery\u00fcz\u00fc \u015fekilleri IV. jeolojik zaman\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda toptan y\u00fckseldi\u011fi i\u00e7in, i\u00e7 k\u0131s\u0131mlarda peneplen izlerini g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

AKARSULARIN B\u0130R\u0130KT\u0130RMES\u0130YLE OLU\u015eAN YER \u015eEK\u0130LLER\u0130 <\/strong><\/p>\n

AKARSULARDA B\u0130R\u0130KT\u0130RME <\/strong><\/p>\n

Akarsular\u0131n biriktirme yapabilmesi i\u00e7in; <\/p>\n

\u2013 E\u011fimin azalmas\u0131 ,Suyun azalmas\u0131
\n\u2013 Akarsu h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131, Akarsu y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn artmas\u0131
\ngereklidir. Bu fakt\u00f6rler bir arada olunca, akarsuyun g\u00fcc\u00fc azal\u0131r ve biriktirme ba\u015flar. <\/p>\n

AKARSU B\u0130R\u0130KT\u0130RME \u015eEK\u0130LLER\u0130 <\/strong>
\n1. Birikinti Konileri ve Yelpazeleri <\/strong>
\nDa\u011f yama\u00e7lar\u0131ndan d\u00fczl\u00fc\u011fe inen akarsular, ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 materyalleri e\u011fimin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde yar\u0131m koni \u015feklinde biriktirirler. Bunlara birikinti konisi denir.
\nAkarsular\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 maddeler ince ise, geni\u015f bir alana yelpaze gibi yay\u0131l\u0131rlar. Bunlara da birikinti yelpazesi denir. \u00dclkemizde da\u011f eteklerinde, bu tip \u015fekillere s\u0131k\u00e7a rastlan\u0131r.
\n2. Da\u011f Ete\u011fi Ovalar\u0131 <\/strong>Da\u011f ete\u011finde, e\u011fimin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde meydana gelen birikinti konileri ve yelpazelerinin zamanla yanlara do\u011fru b\u00fcy\u00fcyerek birle\u015fmeleri sonucu olu\u015fan ovalard\u0131r.
\nBursa ovas\u0131, Uluda\u011f\u2019\u0131n ete\u011finde olu\u015fmu\u015f bir da\u011f ete\u011fi ovas\u0131d\u0131r.
\n3. Da\u011f \u0130\u00e7i Ovalar\u0131 <\/strong>Da\u011f i\u00e7lerinde, e\u011fimin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerde, akarsuyun ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 malzemeleri biriktirmesi sonucu olu\u015fan d\u00fczl\u00fcklerdir. Engebeli \u00fclkelerde daha fazla olu\u015fur.
\nMalatya, Mu\u015f, Elaz\u0131\u011f ovalar\u0131 bu \u015fekilde olu\u015fmu\u015flard\u0131r.
\n4. Taban Seviyesi Ovalar\u0131 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Akarsular\u0131n denize yakla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 yerlerde ta\u015f\u0131ma g\u00fcc\u00fc azd\u0131r. B\u00f6yle (bilgi yelpazesi) yerlerde akarsular, ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 malzemeleri biriktirirler ve ova y\u00fczeyini al\u00fcvyal dolgu alan\u0131 haline getirirler. B\u00f6yle olu\u015fan d\u00fczl\u00fcklere taban seviyesi ovas\u0131 veya al\u00fcvyal ta\u015fk\u0131n ovas\u0131 denir. <\/p>\n

5. Delta Ovalar\u0131 <\/strong>Akarsular\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131klar\u0131 malzemeleri, deniz i\u00e7erisinde biriktirmesi sonucu, \u00fc\u00e7gene benzeyen d\u00fczl\u00fckler meydana gelir. Bunlara delta ovas\u0131 ad\u0131 verilir.
\nDelta ovalar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in, <\/p>\n

Ak\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n olmamas\u0131,
\nAkarsu y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn fazla olmas\u0131
\nGel – git genli\u011finin az olmas\u0131
\nK\u0131y\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131\u011f olmas\u0131 gerekir <\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bir\u00e7ok delta ovas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131 \u00c7ukurova, Bafra ve \u00c7ar\u015famba ovalar\u0131d\u0131r.
\n 6. Tara\u00e7alar (Sekiler)<\/strong> Al\u00fcviyal tabanl\u0131 vadi \u00fczerindeki akarsular\u0131n, yeniden canlanarak, yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazmas\u0131 sonucunda olu\u015fan y\u00fcksekte kalm\u0131\u015f eski vadi tabanlar\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, \u00e7e\u015fitli zamanlarda epirojenik hareketler g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in, vadiler boyunca tara\u00e7alar g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.
\n7. Kum Adac\u0131klar\u0131 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Akarsu e\u011fiminin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yata\u011f\u0131n geni\u015fledi\u011fi yerlerde, ta\u015f\u0131nan al\u00fcvyonlar ve kumlar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck adac\u0131klar \u015feklinde biriktirilir. Bunlara kum adac\u0131klar\u0131 denir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. Vadiler a. Bo\u011faz Vadi (Yarma Vadi): Y\u00fcksek da\u011f s\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131 enine yar\u0131p ge\u00e7en akarsular bu t\u00fcr vadiler olu\u015ftururlar. Vadilerin yama\u00e7lar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a diktir ve vadi dard\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye’de, K\u0131z\u0131l\u0131rmak, Ye\u015fil\u0131rmak, F\u0131rat, Sakarya, Seyhan ve G\u00f6ksu nehirleri ile Zap suyu b\u00f6yle vadilerden akarlar. b. Kanyon Vadi: Yama\u00e7lardaki farkl\u0131 a\u015f\u0131nma sonucu, basamakl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde olu\u015fan vadi tipidir. Yama\u00e7lar olduk\u00e7a … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[23,7],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1061"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1061"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1061\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1061"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1061"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1061"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}