{"id":1016,"date":"2009-11-08T22:56:57","date_gmt":"2009-11-08T20:56:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/?p=1016"},"modified":"2009-11-08T22:57:12","modified_gmt":"2009-11-08T20:57:12","slug":"natural-dogalcilik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/natural-dogalcilik.html","title":{"rendered":"Nat\u00fcral (Do\u011falc\u0131l\u0131k)"},"content":{"rendered":"

NAT\u00dcRAL\u0130ZM (DO\u011eALCILIK)<\/strong><\/p>\n

19.y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru Fransa\u2019da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan nat\u00fcralizm, bir anlamda realizmin bir \u00fcst basama\u011f\u0131 (ger\u00e7e\u011fe yakla\u015fmadaki kat\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle) olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n

Nat\u00fcralizmi, realizmden ay\u0131ran nokta onun deney y\u00f6ntemine de yer vermesidir. Deney y\u00f6ntemi, do\u011fa olaylar\u0131nda ayn\u0131 nedenler, ayn\u0131 ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda ayn\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011furur d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesidir (Determinizm). Nat\u00fcralistler bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n tabiatta oldu\u011fu gibi insan ya\u015fam\u0131 i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erli oldu\u011funu savunmu\u015flard\u0131r.Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mla pozitif bilimlerle sanat\u0131 birle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130nsan\u0131n fizyolojik \u00f6zellikleri \u00fczerinde durmu\u015f; insan\u0131 \u0131rsiyet (soya\u00e7ekim) ve genetik \u00f6zellikleriyle ele alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca sosyal \u00e7evrenin insan \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkileri de derinlemesine ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar, bir anlamda kendilerini bilim adam\u0131, toplumu laboratuvar, insan\u0131 da deneme, inceleme arac\u0131 olarak ele alm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Nat\u00fcralist yazarlar insan\u0131 belli ko\u015fullar\u0131n i\u00e7inde ele al\u0131r, onun duygu ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131, yeti\u015fti\u011fi do\u011fal ve toplumsal \u00e7evrenin etkisi do\u011frultusunda \u00e7izerler. Onlar\u0131n eserlerinde insan kendi yazg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bi\u00e7imlendirici, \u00e7evre \u00fczerinde de\u011fi\u015ftirici bir g\u00fc\u00e7 ta\u015f\u0131maz. Toplumsal nedenleri bir yana b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015flar, yaln\u0131zca ya\u015fanan\u0131 \u201cnesnel\u201d bir bi\u00e7imde aktarmakla yetinmi\u015flerdir. Bu sebeple de onlara \u201czab\u0131t katipleri\u201d yak\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan psikolojisiyle fizyolojisini birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 kabul ettikleri i\u00e7in eserlerinde kahramanlar\u0131n fiziksel \u00f6zelliklerini \u00e7ok ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak vermi\u015flerdir. Buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak da betimleme, do\u011falc\u0131 eserlerin en \u00f6nemli anlat\u0131m bi\u00e7imi olarak dikkat \u00e7eker.<\/p>\n

Realistlerdeki bi\u00e7im g\u00fczelli\u011fi, kompozisyon olgunlu\u011fu ve \u00fcslup kayg\u0131s\u0131 nat\u00fcralistlerde yoktur. Ancak nat\u00fcralistler de halk\u0131n kolayca anlayabilece\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k ve yal\u0131n bir dil kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tiyatroda, kost\u00fcm ve dekora \u00f6nem veren nat\u00fcralistlerin eserlerine genel olarak bir k\u00f6t\u00fcmserlik havas\u0131 hakimdir.<\/p>\n

Ba\u015fl\u0131ca temsilcileri:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Emile Zola (Meyhane, Germiznal, Nana, Toprak…..)
\n Alphonse Daudet
\n Guy de Maupassant
\n Goncourt Karde\u015fler<\/p>\n

\u201cRoman anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve tabiattan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f belgelerle v\u00fccuda getirilmelidir. Tarih\u00e7iler, mazinin hikayecileri, romanc\u0131lar da halin hikayecileridir\u201d.
\n Goncourt Karde\u015fler<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

NAT\u00dcRAL\u0130ZM (DO\u011eALCILIK) 19.y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru Fransa\u2019da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan nat\u00fcralizm, bir anlamda realizmin bir \u00fcst basama\u011f\u0131 (ger\u00e7e\u011fe yakla\u015fmadaki kat\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle) olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Nat\u00fcralizmi, realizmden ay\u0131ran nokta onun deney y\u00f6ntemine de yer vermesidir. Deney y\u00f6ntemi, do\u011fa olaylar\u0131nda ayn\u0131 nedenler, ayn\u0131 ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda ayn\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011furur d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesidir (Determinizm). Nat\u00fcralistler bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n tabiatta oldu\u011fu gibi insan ya\u015fam\u0131 i\u00e7in de … Devam\u0131n\u0131 oku…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,224,12],"tags":[228],"class_list":["post-1016","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dn","category-edebiyat-dil-anlatim","category-tr","tag-natural"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1016","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1016"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1016\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1016"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1016"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.sorubak.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1016"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}